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The ideas in this fraction lesson are taken from Math Mammoth Fractions 1 book. Only a few examples of each problem type are shown; you should make more problems of each kind for the student.


Understanding fractions
Free lesson plan from HomeschoolMath.net

When we talk about fractions, we talk about PARTS of a WHOLE.  Sometimes we have
 wholes and fractional parts both.  The WHOLE is always divided into EQUAL parts.  
Look at the examples.

1

2

1

4

2

2

OR 1

2

5

3

7

7

10

The whole
is divided
into two
equal parts.
One part
is colored;
one half

The whole
is divided
into four
equal parts.
One part
is colored;
one fourth.

Two equal
parts, two
parts are
colored;
two halves
OR
one whole. 

Five equal
parts, two
parts are
colored;
two fifths

 

 

Seven equal
parts, three
parts are colored;
three sevenths

Can you
tell what
fraction
this is?

 

3

8

NUMERATOR

DENOMINATOR

"three eighths"

The number ABOVE the line tells
HOW MANY PARTS are involved.  
It 'enumerates' or counts the colored parts.

The number BELOW the line tells 
WHAT KIND OF PARTS 
the whole is divided into.
It 'denominates' or names the parts. 

In naming the fractional parts we use the ordinal numbers; third, fourth, fifth
sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, etc.  The exception is half or halves.

Example problem types

1.  Name the fractions and write as numbers

     

     

        

     

Name:

one-fifth

Number:

1

5

    

      2.  Color the right amount the illustrate the fraction

7

8

6

10

4

6

4

5

2

4

4

7

 

How to draw pie models

Halves: split the circle with a
straight line.

Thirds: draw lines at 12
o'clock, 4 o'clock, and
8 o'clock.

Fourths: First draw halves,
then split those as a cross
pattern

Fifths: First draw a line at 12
o'clock. Then draw as a man
doing jumping jacks.

Sixths: First draw thirds, 
then split those 

Eighths: First draw fourths, 
then split those.

3. Divide the circle into fractions and color the right amount the illustrate the fraction.

1

2

2

5

1

6

3

5

2

3

1

8

 

4.  Draw the fractions with the pie model and compare the fractions.  Write > or < or =  between the fractions.

2

3

1

3

1

5

4

5

1

6

3

6

What can you notice about comparing two fractions when the denominators are the same?

_____________________________________________________________________

 

5.  Draw the fractions with the pie model and compare the fractions.  Write > or < or =  between the fractions.

1

2

1

3

1

5

1

8

1

6

1

2

What can you notice about comparing two fractions when the numerators are the same?

_____________________________________________________________________

 

Next lesson: part 2


The ideas in this fraction lesson are taken from Math Mammoth Fractions 1 book. Only a few examples of each problem type are shown; you should make more problems of each kind for the student.

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