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The ideas in this fraction lesson are taken from the Fractions 2 ebook. Only a few examples of each problem type are shown; you should make more problems of each kind for the student.


Dividing mixed numbers
Free fraction lesson plan from HomeschoolMath.net

RULE: Instead of dividing by a fraction, multiply by its reciprocal number.

This rule works always, even when dividend or divisor or both are mixed numbers.  But since
we change division into multiplication, and need to find the reciprocal of the divisor,
change mixed numbers into fractions before doing anything else.  That's it!

Example:  1

5

7

÷ 2

2

3

  =   

12

7

÷

8

3

  =  

12

7

 × 

3

8

  =  

36

56

 = 

9

14

Note:  You don't need to change whole numbers into fractions.

Error alert:  First change mixed numbers into fractions.  After that comes the change to
multiplication by the reciprocal number.  In other words, when you change mixed numbers
to fractions, the problem is still a division problem.  Then after that comes the change
into multiplication.


Example problem types

1.  Divide.  Do the work in your notebook.

a.   2 

7

8

  ÷ 

2

5

b.   

4

  ÷ 1 

5

6

c.   2 

5

6

  ÷ 1 

2

5

d.   10 

1

10

  ÷ 

3

4

e.   5  ÷ 

2

7

 

2.  What did the kids do wrong?  In each case,  a) explain the mistake made, and  b) solve the problem the right way.

Jenny:  I got that
 

1

8

  ÷ 

2

5

  =  

2

40

  =  

1

20

Mark:  My calculation gives
 

3

5

  ÷ 1 

1

4

  =  

3

5

  ×  

4

1

  =  

12

5

  =  2 

2

5

 
Ted:  What did I do wrong?
 

1

10

  ÷ 2 

1

4

  =  

11

10

  × 

4

9

  = 

44

90

  = 

22

45

May:  I know how to divide fractions!
 
10 

1

8

  ÷ 2 

1

4

  = 10 ÷ 2   +  

1

8

 ÷ 

1

4

  = 5 

1

2

3.  Can you figure out the missing divisor?  Remember to think "How many times does this go into this?"  Also, think how you solve the first easy problems and apply the same ideas to the harder ones.

a.   20    ÷          = 2
b.   110    ÷          = 2
c.   144    ÷          = 9 
d.   216    ÷          = 3 

 
4.  Can you divide by half?  Remember to think how many times half goes into the dividend.

a.   2   ÷ 

1

2

 =
  
b.   2 

1

2

  ÷ 

1

2

 =
  
c.   4 

1

2

  ÷ 

1

2

 =
  
d.   3   ÷ 

1

2

 =
  
e.   11   ÷ 

1

2

 =

 

RULE: Instead of dividing by a fraction, multiply by its reciprocal number.

Why does the rule work?

The following discussion is inteded mostly for the teacher and for the advanced student.

Let's consider the problem 401 ÷ 

2

3

 .  How many times does 

2

3

 go into 401?
Since 

2

3

×

3

2

 = 1, we know that 

2

3

goes into 1 exactly

3

2

 or 1 1/2 times.
Clearly 

2

3

 will go into 401 exactly 401x as many times as it goes into 1, so 

2

3

goes into 401 
exactly 401 × 

3

2

 = 

1203

 = 601 1/2 times.  The division problem was solved by multiplication!

The same kind of thinking works for any kind of problem a ÷ 

2

3

, where a can be any number.  
For example, consider the problem 1

5

7

÷

2

3

.  Again, 

2

3

goes into 1 exactly

3

2

 or 1 1/2 times.
It goes into 1 

5

7

 exactly 1  5/7 as many times as it went into 1, so
so  1

5

7

 ÷ 

2

3

 = 1 

5

7

 × 

3

2

 = 

12

7

 × 

3

2

 = 

36

14

 = 2 

8

14

 = 2 

4

7


The ideas in this fraction lesson are taken from the Fractions 2 ebook. Only a few examples of each problem type are shown; you should make more problems of each kind for the student.







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